Literary genres

There are many different types of genre in writing, and every reader has their own preference – some may love nothing more than to curl up on their favourite armchair with a cup of hot chocolate and a cosy mystery, whereas others may need some self-care time with a light-hearted romance or comedy tale.

This blog will skim over the main categories of literature: but bear in mind that there are loads more out there, especially when you factor in multi-genre novels like crime comedies or sci-fi romances. These are just the basics – and very stereotypical, so watch out for writers who put a spin on the genre!

Fantasy, sci-fi and magic realism

To begin with, let’s go over the most commonly-confused trio of fantasy, sci-fi and magical realism. Often, it’s hard to tell the magic gemstone from the inner robotic components, as there is a thin, well-trodden line between the genres.Often, both magic realism and fantasy are conflated due to their overlapping inclusion of otherworldly beings and mysticism, but fantasy tends to be more ‘out there’ whereas magic realism will retain some semblance of the recognisable everyday.

Sci-fi is roughly classified as having a focus on more futuristic concepts, such as technology and space. It often features aliens, sleek and developed inventions and how society has been impacted – if it features little green men or robots, there’s a high chance these types of story will be critiquing or commenting on society in some way.

Mystery, horror and thriller novels

Thriller novels are all about suspense, adrenaline, and plot twists that hit out of nowhere. Whether it’s a psychological thriller that messes with your mind, or an action thriller that leaves you wanting more, one thing’s for sure: you’ll be hooked from the first page to the last.

Horror novels have their roots in early folklore, when the unexplained quickly turned into spooky stories. Ranging from extremely gory and gut-wrenching stories of doom to spine-chilling beasties or ghouls, the horror genre is for the most hard-hearted of readers, who aren’t afraid of the dark.

The enigma that is the mystery novel involves piecing together clues and unravelling secrets to solve a baffling murder, lost item or person, or something else unanswered. Mystery novels are all about intrigue, suspense, and the thrill of uncovering the truth. From cozy mysteries set in quaint little towns to gritty noir tales set in the mean city streets, this genre (and its sub-genres) keeps readers guessing until the very end.

Children and young adult (YA)

Imagination knows no bounds and adventure awaits around every corner with children’s fiction. From talking animals to magical lands, children’s books are a gateway to fantastical realms where anything is possible – and many plots are chances to learn more about the world. These stories are crafted with young readers in mind, offering engaging language, enticing imagery, and valuable life lessons disguised as thrilling adventures.

The trials and triumphs of teenage life take centre stage in a young adult novel. From coming-of-age stories to epic fantasy sagas, YA books explore the complexities of identity, friendship, love, and self-discovery with honesty, and a healthy dose of teenage angst. These stories tackle tough issues while offering readers a sense of belonging, empowerment, and hope. With diverse characters, relatable themes, and bingeable plots, YA literature speaks directly to the experiences of young adult readers navigating the rollercoaster of adolescence.

Bildungsroman

Bildungsroman, a German term meaning ‘novel of education’ refers to a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of a protagonist from childhood to adulthood. These novels typically explore the protagonist’s coming-of-age journey, detailing their experiences, challenges, and personal development as they navigate the complexities of life and society.

Bildungsroman often features themes of self-discovery, identity formation, and the search for meaning and purpose in the world. Through its focus on the protagonist’s emotional growth, this genre offers readers a valuable insight into the universal human experience of getting older.

Dystopian and apocalyptic

Dystopian fiction offers readers chilling glimpses into bleak visions of the future. In dystopian literature, authors depict oppressive societies characterised by an iron-fisted totalitarian rule, inequality, and a lack of individual freedom. These narratives serve as cautionary tales, warning of the dangers of unchecked power and complacency.

Apocalyptic fiction explores cataclysmic events such as natural disasters, pandemics, or nuclear warfare that bring about the collapse of civilization as we know it. These stories delve into themes of survival, resilience, and the human capacity for both destruction and renewal. Often, these stories are written in order to offer readers thought-provoking reflections on the fragility of society, and the enduring spirit of humanity in the face of adversity.

Drama and romance

Dramatic literature immerses readers in the complexities of human relationships, emotions, and conflicts. These narratives often unfold through dialogue, action, and internal struggles, exploring themes such as love, betrayal, ambition, and redemption. From Shakespearean tragedies to modern-day TV soaps, drama literature captivates audiences with intricate plots, familiar characters and exploration of the human condition. Often, dramatic literature invites readers to empathise with characters, confront moral dilemmas, and ponder big questions – more than just wondering about what’s for tea!

Romance literature whisks readers away on a whirlwind journey of passion, longing, and (usually) happy endings. These stories center around romantic relationships, from the thrill of new love to the anguish of heartbreak. Romantic literature celebrates the universal desire for connection and intimacy. With its swoon-worthy heroes, feisty heroines, and steamy encounters, romance literature offers readers an escape from reality into a world of love, adventure, and happily-ever-afters.

Historical literature

Historical literature transports readers back in time, immersing them in the rich tapestry of bygone eras. These narratives breathe life into historical events, figures, and settings, offering a window into the past that educates as well as entertaining an audience. From epic tales of war and conquest to intimate portraits of everyday life, historical literature paints a vivid picture of the triumphs and tribulations of humanity throughout the ages.

The grandeur of ancient civilizations, the turmoil of revolutions, or the glamour of bygone eras are often the focal points of historical literature. Readers are able to explore different cultures, perspectives, and moments in time. With meticulous research, vivid imagery, and compelling storytelling, historical literature brings history to life, reminding us that the past is not just a series of dates and facts, but real human experience.

Adventure literature

Adventure novels whisk readers away on thrilling escapades filled with danger, discovery, and daring exploits. These narratives are characterised by high stakes like life or death, exotic locales, and perilous action that keeps readers invested from start to finish. Whether it’s exploring the uncharted wilderness, embarking on a search for treasure, or facing off against strong creatures, adventure novels ignite the imagination and satisfy the thirst for excitement and exploration.

With intrepid heroes, formidable villains, and epic quests, adventure literature invites readers to embark on unforgettable journeys. From the swashbuckling adventures of pirates on the high seas to the heart-racing expeditions of researchers in distant lands, adventure novels offer readers an exhilarating escape from reality into a world of endless possibilities and untold exploration.

Satire and comedy

Satire literature invites readers into a world of laughter, wit, and sharp social commentary. With its biting humour and keen observations, satirical tales rely on irony, sarcasm, and exaggeration to lampoon societal norms, politics, and general human folly. Through clever wordplay and exaggerating already absurd situations, satirical works challenge readers to question the status quo and see the world in a new light.

Comedic literature aims to entertain and amuse, offering lighthearted escapades, hilarious mishaps, and wacky antics. From slapstick humour to witty banter, comedy literature delights readers with its laugh-out-loud moments and feel-good vibes. Comedy literature reminds us not to take ourselves too seriously and to find joy in the absurdities of life.

Genre-bending? What if it snaps?

That was a whistle-stop tour of the main genres to be found in stories, novels and even poems! Hopefully this will give you the main outline to look out for when reading, or even ideas of genres to use in your own writing!